Academic Scientific JournalsR&D intensity in the European Union’s regions – spatial approach
Keywords:
research and development, regional inequalities, spatial autocorrelation, EU, NUTS 2Abstract
The aim of the study is to verify the existence of spatial autocorrelation among the EU NUTS 2 regions in the case of R&D intensity. Three research methods were used, namely literature studies, analysis of data on the share of expenditure on R&D in regional GDP, and Moran I statistics which is the basic measure of spatial dependencies between observations in the geographical space. The study showed that there exists neither global nor local spatial autocorrelation based on the inverse geographical distance among NUTS 2. However, it was found that there is a weak positive spatial autocorrelation based on having a common border both globally and locally. Two clusters have been identified in the European space (covering three regions in Belgium and five regions in Germany). In view of the significant spatial disparities between EU regions, the occurrence of clusters is a rare phenomenon. For the establishment of a cluster of regions with high R&D intensity, it is necessary to have metropolitan centers with extensive academic and research infrastructure, developed business strongly involved in R&D, and regional specialization in similar highly knowledge-intensive industries.
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