The Spectacle of the Absurd: Parody in Video Games as a Tool of Political Satire Relating to Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26881/ehgs.2026.1.03

Keywords:

parody, political criticism, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, satire, war games

Abstract

This paper examines the role of independent video games as a medium of partisan expression and alignment with Ukraine during the Russian invasion, with a particular focus on the prevalence and function of parody. Drawing on a corpus of video games (computer and mobile), this study explores how game creators transmute the phenomena witnessed into a set of symbolic ludic objects, which are subsequently employed to craft satirical parodies. These parodies serve to engage with the realities of war, to criticise aggressors, and to construct identities on national and political levels. Our analysis highlights how parody operates across multiple levels of these games, from titles and mechanics to graphics, music, and narrative. By employing humour, exaggerated violence, and cultural symbolism, these games reflect a wartime culture of resistance. They provide a unique lens through which to study the interplay between digital media, identity, and propaganda. This article situates these games within the broader framework of transmedial activism, highlighting their role as new modes of political participation and as agents of globalisation fostering a sense of community and collective agency. This phenomenon underscores how play and procedural interaction can turn unimaginable and abhorrent realities into digestible, reflective experiences. By blending entertainment with criticism, these games offer critical insights into the intersection of game studies and contemporary socio-political discourse; they transform digital spaces into platforms for activism and resistance.

References

Bakhtin, Mikhail. 1984. Rabelais and His World. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Baudrillard, Jean. 1995. The Gulf War Did Not Take Place. Translated by Paul Patton. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Becker, Amy B. 2014. “Playing with Politics: Online Political Parody, Affinity for Political Humor, Anxiety Reduction, and Implications for Political Efficacy.” Mass Communication and Society, vol. 17, no. 3: 424–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2014.891134

Bonello Rutter Giappone, Krista, Tomasz Z. Majkowski, and Jaroslav Švelch, eds. 2022. Video Games and Comedy. Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88338-6

Bonello Rutter Giappone, Krista. 2015. “Self-Reflexivity and Humor in Adventure Games.” Game Studies, vol. 15, no. 1. Accessed February 11, 2025. https://gamestudies.org/1501/articles/bonello_k

Browne, Malachy, David Botti, and Haley Willis. 2022. “Satellite Images Show Bodies Lay in Bucha for Weeks, despite Russian Claims.” The New York Times, April 4, 2022. Accessed February 11, 2025. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/04/world/europe/bucha-ukraine-bodies.html

Butler, Judith. 2009. Frames of War: When Is Life Grievable? London: Verso.

Carter, Marcus, and Fraser Allison. 2018. “Guilt in DayZ.” In Transgression in Games and Play, edited by Kristine Jørgensen and Faltin Karlsen, 133–152. Cambridge: The MIT Press.

Flanagan, Mary. 2009. Critical Play: Radical Game Design. Cambridge: The MIT Press.

Garda, Maria B. 2013. “Nostalgia in Retro Game Design.” DiGRA Conference. Accessed November 12, 2024. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:17765957

Gee, James Paul. 2005. “Semiotic Social Spaces and Affinity Spaces: From The Age of Mythology to Today’s Schools.” In Beyond Communities of Practice: Language Power and Social Context, edited by David Barton and Karin Tusting, 214–232. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511610554.012

Grönroos, Anne-Marie. 2013. “Humour in Video Games.” Master’s thesis, Aalto University.

Guffey, Elizabeth E. 2006. Retro: The Culture of Revival. London: Reaktion.

Gurney, David, and Matthew Thomas Payne. 2016. “Parody as Brand: The Case of [Adult Swim]’s Paracasual Advergames.” Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, vol. 22, no. 2: 177–198. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856514546097

Han, Hye-Won, and Su-jin Kim. 2016. “Analysis of Parody Game as Tragicomedy.” Journal of Korea Game Society, vol. 16, no. 2: 97–110. https://doi.org/10.7583/JKGS.2016.16.2.97

Hariman, Robert. 2008. “Political Parody and Public Culture.” Quarterly Journal of Speech, vol. 94, no. 3: 247–272. https://doi.org/10.1080/00335630802210369

Harries, Dan. 2000. Film Parody. London: BFI Publishing.

Harrigan, Pat, and Matthew G. Kirschenbaum, eds. 2016. Zones of Control: Perspectives on Wargaming. Cambridge: The MIT Press.

Harris, Daniel. 2001. Cute, Quaint, Hungry and Romantic: The Aesthetics of Consumerism. Da Capo Press.

Hutcheon, Linda. 2000. A Theory of Parody. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

jasont01. 2007. The Dictator. Newgrounds. https://www.newgrounds.com/audio/listen/97988

Jørgensen, Kristine, and Faltin Karlsen, eds. 2018. Transgression in Games and Play. Cambridge: The MIT Press.

Kampmark, Binoy. 2022. “The Russia-Ukraine War, Toilets, and the New Economic Policy.” Australian Institute of International Affairs. https://www.internationalaffairs.org.au/australianoutlook/the-russia-ukraine-war-toilets-and-the-new-economic-policy

King, Geoff. 2002. Film Comedy. London–New York: Wallflower.

Kot, Yaraslau I. 2024. “Games of War.” Paper presented at the International Academic Conference “Games of War,” University of Gdańsk, February 24, 2024.

Krutnik, Frank, and Steve Neale. 1990. Popular Film and Television Comedy. London: Routledge.

Martian Teapots. 2022. “Stand with Ukraine Jam.” itch.io. https://itch.io/jam/stand-with-ukraine

McIntyre, Lee. 2018. Post-Truth. Cambridge: The MIT Press.

Media Center Ukraine. 2023. “War Memes Museum.” https://warmemes.com.ua

Mortensen, Torill Elvira, and Kristine Jørgensen. 2020. The Paradox of Transgression in Games. Abingdon: Routledge.

Mortensen, Torill Elvira, and Victor Navarro-Remesal. 2018. “Asynchronous Transgressions.” In Transgression in Games and Play, 27–44. Cambridge: The MIT Press.

Murray, Soraya. 2016. “Upending Militarized Masculinity in Spec Ops: The Line.” In Zones of Control, 319–328. Cambridge: The MIT Press.

NDTV. 2022. “Russia-Ukraine War: Ukrainian Farmer ‘Steals’ Huge Russian Tank.” YouTube, March 1, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yIB7QPsNA_w

Nenkov, Gergana Y., and Maura L. Scott. 2014. “‘So Cute I Could Eat It Up.’” Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 41, no. 2: 326–341. https://doi.org/10.1086/676581

Phillips, Amanda. 2018. “Shooting to Kill.” Games and Culture, vol. 13, no. 2: 136–152. https://doi.org/10.1177/1555412015612611

Rose, Margaret A. 1994. “Parody: Ancient, Modern, and Post-Modern.” MLN, vol. 109, no. 5: 986. https://doi.org/10.2307/2904719

Shamdasani, Pavan. 2018. “World’s Worst Video Game.” South China Morning Post. https://www.scmp.com/culture/arts-entertainment/article/2129690

Shifman, Limor. 2013. Memes in Digital Culture. Cambridge: The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9429.001.0001

Kronika24.pl. 2022. “Bayraktar – Ukrainian War Song.” YouTube, May 23, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S3FGWPMjl6M

Tosca, Susana. 2009. “More Than a Private Joke.” Cinema Journal, vol. 48, no. 3: 129–134

Train, Brian, and Volko Ruhnke. 2016. “Chess, Go, and Vietnam.” In Zones of Control, 513–529. Cambridge: The MIT Press.

WarLeaks – Military Blog. 2022. YouTube video, March 3, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cny_sA010Cw

Williams, Sophie, and Paul Kirby. 2022. “Ukraine War: Snake Island and Battle for Control in Black Sea.” BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-61406808

Wulf, Tim, et al. 2018. “Video Game Nostalgia and Retro Gaming.” Media and Communication, vol. 6, no. 2: 60–68. https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i2.1317

Ludography

3x0nGames. 2024. Nenka Ukraine. Android. Google Play.

Alaric von Teplitz. 2022. Ukraine vs. OrcZ. Browser game. itch.io.

AMCi. 2023. Prigozhin Counter Craft 3D. Android. Google Play.

andijm. 2022. Ukrainian Bayraktar vs Orcs. Android. Google Play.

anomalousFrog. 2022. Saint Javelin. Browser game. itch.io.

Armanto, Taneli. 1998. Snake. Nokia / Gameloft. Mobile.

Bunker 22. 2022. Putinist Slayer. PC. Steam.

Cherednichenko, Andri, and 16 ROMCOM. 2023. Kyiv Defence. Android. Google Play.

cjavad. 2023. Revenge of Zelenskyy. PC. itch.io.

Demon Dezard. 2022. Pixel World: Orcs Attack. Android. Google Play.

DMA Design. 1997. Grand Theft Auto. BMG Interactive. PC.

domandlj. 2022. Russian Invaders. Browser game. itch.io.

DongaSSoft. 2022. UKRAINE 2022 (УКРАИНА2022) (Hong Kong 97 parody). PC. itch.io.

Drogowit Pomorski. 2022. Race to Kyiv. PC. Drogowit Pomorski.

elD1ablO. 2023. Cossack Drive. Browser game. itch.io.

Elektronika. 1984. Ну, погоди! / Nu, Pogodi! Elektronika. Elektronika IM-02.

FutumaGames. 2023. Ukrainian Revenge. Browser game. itch.io.

Giorgos Xeristanidis. 2022. U 2022. Browser game. itch.io.

Guerra, Dan. 1988. Tetris. Spectrum HoloByte. MS-DOS.

Helssen. 2022. Zelenskyy’s Wrath. PC. itch.io.

Hexenwerk. 2022. Friedens Panzer. Browser game. itch.io.

Holubovskyi, Oleh. 2022. Cats at Arms. Android. Google Play.

id Software. 1992. Wolfenstein 3D. Apogee Software. MS-DOS.

innov8. 2023. Ukraine vs Putin Shootemup. Browser game. itch.io.

Ironbellys Crew. 2023. Bavovna Included! Ironbellys Crew. PC. Steam.

Ivan-Helsing. 2022. The Ghost of Kyiv. Browser game. itch.io.

Jordan Magnuson. 2022. Bunnies vs. Bunnies: Ukraine Edition. Browser game. itch.io.

JyveAFK. 2022. Bayrakadakka. JyveAFK. PC. itch.io.

Kary. 2022. Kremlin 3D. Mod for Wolfenstein 3D. ModDB.

Kurosawa, Kowloon. 1995. Hong Kong 97. HappySoft. Super Nintendo Entertainment System.

Little-Rena, and DVa-Clock. 2022. Deal with Putin. Browser game. Newgrounds.com.

Liza, and Lemon. 2023. Cossack Freedom Fighter. Browser game. itch.io.

Lunariusis. 2022. Ukraine. Farm. Godot. Farmers. Farmy. 300. Godot Engine Game.

Lunariusis. Browser game. itch.io.

Martian Teapots. 2022. Russian Warship Go F*ck Yourself. Martian Teapots. PC. itch.io.

MoonClock Studio. 2022. Смерть Ворогам [“Death to Enemies.”] Browser game. itch.io.

Myttsi Zabav. 2022. Deputinization. PC. Myttsi Zabav.

Native Games Studio. 2022. Sunflower Slap. Browser game. Native Games Studio.

Neos Gaming. 2022. The Most Russophobic Game Clicker Kill Russians Orks. PC. itch.io.

Nintendo. 1981. Egg. Nintendo. Game & Watch.

Nishikado, Tomohiro. 1978. Space Invaders. Taito. Arcade.

Notowar. 2023. No to War: The Game. Browser game. itch.io.

NovaApps Limited. 2022. Javelin Paint – Bravery Game. Android. Google Play.

Novokhatskyi, and Kharchenko. 2022a. Birds Attack 2022. Browser game. Novokhatskyi and Kharchenko.

Novokhatskyi and Kharchenko. 2022b. Sniffer Dog Game. Browser game. Novokhatskyi and Kharchenko.

Null Activity. 2022. Sunflower Simulator. PC. itch.io.

pacifism. 2022. Putin Orcs Defender. PC. pacifism.

Pajitnov, Alexey. 1984. Tetris. Electronika. Electronika 60.

Palianytsia Charity Initiative. 2022. Musk vs. Putin. Browser game. Palianytsia Charity Initiative.

Persson, Marcus. 2009. Minecraft. Mojang Studios. PC.

Petrov, Valeriy. 2022. Labor Rights Funeral in Ukraine. Browser game. itch.io.

PixelForest. 2022. Farmers Stealing Tanks. Browser game. itch.io.

Pol Grassland-Mongrain. 2022. Grand Theft Tractor: Ukraine. Browser game. itch.io.

PRICERA. 2022. Kick the Pu: Beat Dictator. Android. Google Play.

ProZhar. 2022. Чорнобаївка Україна (квест) [“Czarnobajwka Ukraina (quest).”] Android. Google Play.

RuslanHaru. 2022. UFU Ukrainian Forces Unlimited. Browser game. itch.io.

salopusher. 2022. The Goose of Kyiv. Browser game. itch.io.

Shock-value. 2005. Interactive Buddy. Browser game. Newgrounds.com.

SLAM AWAY GAMES. 2023. RUSLICSTAN INVADES. PC. SLAM AWAY GAMES.

SnZGames. 2022. Granny Putler. Browser game. Apkpure.

SnZGames. 2023. Call of Ukraine – Multiplayer. Android. Google Play.

Staryshko. 2022. Ghost of Ukraine. Browser game. itch.io.

Sunday’s Games. 2022. FUCK PUTIN. PC. Sunday’s Games.

Suspense Studio. 2022. Catch Crazy Dictator. Android. Google Play.

TOGO. 1975. Whack-a-Mole. Arcade. TOGO.

ukrainian. 2022. Ukrainian Farmy. Browser game. itch.io.

UlfBjorn. 2022. Ghost of Kyiv – Fly Shooter. Browser game. itch.io.

Valentyn. 2022. Маня ловит Ваню [“Manya Catches Vanya.”] Browser game. itch.io.

Valve. 1999. Counter-Strike. Sierra Studios. PC.

Viriato07. 2022a. Putin (HTML) Message. Browser game. itch.io.

Viriato07. 2022b. Stop the Z Putin Virus. PC. itch.io.

Vlad Dracul. 2023. Escape from Putin’s Palace. Browser game. itch.io.

Vovchuk, Ihor (Team 39–40). 2022. ЧОРНОБАЇВКА: День бабака [“Czarnobajwka. The Day of the Groundhog.”] Android. ThirtyNineEighty. Google Play.

Who We Are Games, and DarkLight Studio. 2021–2024. Ukraine Memes Games (Steam bundle). PC. Who We Are Games; DarkLight Studio.

Who We Are Games. 2022. Hentai Mission Ukraine. PC. Who We Are Games.

wiedzmiz. 2022. Bayraktar. PC. itch.io.

Downloads

Published

2026-06-22

How to Cite

Mazur, E., & Karwacki , K. (2026). The Spectacle of the Absurd: Parody in Video Games as a Tool of Political Satire Relating to Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine. European Historical Game Studies, 1(1), 50–83. https://doi.org/10.26881/ehgs.2026.1.03

Issue

Section

Articles