Uniwersyteckie Czasopisma NaukoweThe role of a communal workplace climate in occupational well-being: associations with lower burnout and higher work engagement
Słowa kluczowe:
job burnout, work engagement, communal workplace climate, agentic workplace climate, attitudes toward organizationAbstrakt
Background:
This study aims to examine the predictive role of communal and agentic workplace climates in relation to work engagement and job burnout among Polish employees across various industries. A communal workplace climate emphasizes organizational and managerial priorities related to fostering positive relationships among employees, whereas an agentic workplace climate highlights a focus on employee productivity and performance.
Participants and procedure:
Two cross-sectional studies comprising a total sample of 910 participants were conducted. Each study utilized distinct methods for measuring burnout and work engagement. The research employed multiple linear regression models and path analysis to explore how these climates affect employee outcomes.
Results:
Findings from the study indicate that a communal workplace climate is associated with significantly lower levels of burnout and higher levels of work engagement. In contrast, an agentic workplace climate marginally contributes to burnout, displaying a positive relationship – indicating that stronger perceptions of the workplace as agentic are associated with increased burnout. However, it also weakly correlates with increased work engagement. Additionally, attitudes toward the organization were found to mediate these relationships.
Conclusions:
This research highlights the beneficial effects of a communal climate in reducing burnout and boosting engagement, while also pointing out the complexities introduced by an agentic climate. The results contribute to understanding how to create more optimal and psychologically safe work environments.
Downloads
Bibliografia
Abele, A. E., & Wojciszke, B. (2014). Communal and agentic content in social cognition: a dual perspective model. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 50, 198–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/ B978-0-12-800284-1.00004-7.
Abele, A. E., & Wojciszke, B. (Eds.). (2019). Agency and communion in social psychology. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203703663.
Ashkanasy, N. M., & Härtel, C. E. J. (2014). Positive and negative affective climate and culture: The good, the bad, and the ugly. In B. Schneider & K. Barbera (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of organizational climate and culture (pp. 136–152). Oxford University Press.
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demandsresources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22, 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056.
Bakker, A. B., & Oerlemans, W. G. M. (2019). Daily job crafting and momentary work engagement: a self-determination and self-regulation perspective. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 112, 417–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.12.005.
Banagou, M., Batistič, S., Do, H., & Poell, R. F. (2021). Relational climates moderate the effect of openness to experience on knowledge hiding: a twocountry multi-level study. Journal of Knowledge Management, 25, 60–87. https://doi.org/10.1108/ JKM-11-2019-0613.
Batistič, S., & Poell, R. F. (2022). Do HR systems and relational climates affect knowledge hiding? An experiment and two-source multi-level study. Journal of Business Research, 147, 82–96. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.04.016.
Behrendt, P., Matz, S., & Göritz, A. S. (2017). An integrative model of leadership behavior. The Leadership Quarterly, 28, 229–244. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.leaqua.2016.08.002.
Berdahl, J. L., Cooper, M., Glick, P., Livingston, R. W., & Williams, J. C. (2018). Work as a masculinity con test. Journal of Social Issues, 74, 422–448. https:// doi.org/10.1111/josi.12289.
Boyatzis, R. E., & Rochford, K. (2020). Relational climate in the workplace: Dimensions, measurement, and validation. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 85. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00085.
Byrne, Z., Albert, L., Manning, S., & Desir, R. (2017). Relational models and engagement: an attachment theory perspective. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 32, 30–44. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-01-2016-0006.
Chemers, M. M. (2001). Leadership effectiveness: an integrative review. In M. A. Hogg & R. S. Tindale (Eds.), Blackwell handbook of social psychology: Group processes (pp. 376–399). John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470998458.ch16.
Christensen-Salem, A., Walumbwa, F. O., Babalola, M. T., Guo, L., & Misati, E. (2021). A multilevel analysis of the relationship between ethical leadership and ostracism: The roles of relational climate, employee mindfulness, and work unit structure. Journal of Business Ethics, 171, 619–638. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-020-04424-5.
Christian, M. S., Garza, A. S., & Slaughter, J. E. (2011). Work engagement: a quantitative review and test of its relations with task and contextual performance. Personnel Psychology, 64, 89–136. https:// doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01203.x.
Corbeanu, A., Iliescu, D., Ion, A., & Spînu, R. (2023). The link between burnout and job performance: a meta-analysis. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 32, 599–616. https:// doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2023.2209320.
Cuddy, A. J. C., Fiske, S. T., & Glick, P. (2007). The BIAS map: Behaviors from intergroup affect and stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92, 631–648. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.4.631.
de Beer, L. T., Pienaar, J., & Rothmann Jr, S. (2016). Work overload, burnout, and psychological illhealth symptoms: a three-wave mediation model of the employee health impairment process. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 29, 387–399. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/10615806.2015.1061123.
Demerouti, E., & Bakker, A. (2008). The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory: a good alternative to measure burnout and engagement. In J. Halbesleben (Ed.), Handbook of stress and burnout in health care (pp. 65–78). Nova Sciences.
Ehrhardt, K., & Ragins, B. R. (2018). Relational attachment at work: a complementary fit perspective on the role of relationships in organizational life. Academy of Management Journal, 62, 248–282. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2016.0245.
Ehrhart, M. G., & Raver, J. L. (2014). The effects of organizational climate and culture on productive and counterproductive behavior. In B. Schneider & K. Barbera (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of organizational climate and culture (pp. 153–176). Oxford University Press.
Fiaz, S., & Muhammad Fahim, S. (2023). The influence of high-quality workplace relational systems and mindfulness on employee work engagement at the time of crises. Heliyon, 9, e15523. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15523.
Fiedler, F. E. (1967). A theory of leadership effectiveness. McGraw-Hill. Gartzia, L. (2022). Self and other reported workplace traits: a communal gap of men across occupations. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 52, 568–587. https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12848.
Hadžibajramović, E., Schaufeli, W., & De Witte, H. (2022). Shortening of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) – from 23 to 12 items using content and Rasch analysis. BMC Public Health, 22, 560. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12946-y.
House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, leadership, and organizations. The GLOBE study of 62 societies. Sage Publications.
James, L. R., Joyce, W. F., & Slocum, J. W. (1988). Organizations do not cognize. The Academy of Management Review, 13, 129–132. https://doi.org/10.2307/ 258360.
Jurek, P., & Olech, M. (2019). KLIMAT4. Bateria diagnozy klimatu pracy [CLIMATE4. Work climate diagnostic battery]. Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych i Pedagogicznych.
Jurek, P., & Olech, M. (2024). Development and validation of the Communal and Agentic Workplace Climate Scale. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 37, 311– 325. https://doi.org/10.13075/ijomeh.1896.02344.
Kahn, W. A. (1998). Relational systems at work. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior: an annual series of analytical essays and critical reviews (Vol. 20, pp. 39–76). Elsevier Science/JAI Press.
Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2003). Areas of worklife: a structured approach to organizational predictors of job burnout. In P. L. Perrewe & D. C. Ganster (Eds.), Emotional and physiological processes and positive intervention strategies (Vol. 3, pp. 91–134). Emerald Group Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S1479-3555(03)03003-8.
ManpowerGroup (2023). Raport trendów 2023. Wynagrodzenia i rynek pracy [2023 trend report: Salaries and labor market]. Retrived from https://raportyhr.manpowergroup.pl/raport-trendow-2023.
ManpowerGroup (2024). Nastroje polskiego rynku pracy. Perspektywa kandydatów 2024 [Outlook on the Polish labor market: Candidates’ perspective 2024]. Retrieved from https://www.manpowergroup.pl/2024/10/29/raport-nastroje-polskiegorynku-pracy-perspektywa-kandydatow-2024/.
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 397–422. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397.
Mazzetti, G., Robledo, E., Vignoli, M., Topa, G., Guglielmi, D., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2023). Work engagement: a meta-analysis using the job demands-resources model. Psychological Reports, 126, 1069–1107. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941211051988.
Mossholder, K. W., Richardson, H. A., & Settoon, R. P. (2011). Human resource systems and helping in organizations: a relational perspective. Academy of Management Review, 36, 33–52. https://doi.org/ 10.5465/amr.2009.0402.
Ohly, S., & Schmitt, A. (2015). What makes us enthusiastic, angry, feeling at rest or worried? Development and validation of an Affective Work Events Taxonomy using concept mapping methodology. Journal of Business and Psychology, 30, 15–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-013-9328-3.
R Core Team. (2024). R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Rogg, K. L., Schmidt, D. B., Shull, C., & Schmitt, N. (2001). Human resource practices, organizational climate, and customer satisfaction. Journal of Management, 27, 431–449. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 014920630102700403.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2018). Self-determination theory. Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. The Guilford Press. Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21, 600–619. https://doi.org/10.1108/ 02683940610690169.
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: a multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, 293–315. https://doi. org/10.1002/job.248.
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2010). Defining and measuring work engagement: Bringing clarity to the concept. In A. B. Bakker & M. P. Leiter (Eds.), Work engagement: a handbook of essential theory and research (pp. 10–24). Psychology Press, Taylor & Francis Group.
Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: a cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66, 701– 716. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164405282471.
Schaufeli, W. B., De Witte, H., & Desart, S. (2019). Manual Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT). Retrieved from http://burnoutassessmenttool.be/wp-content/ uploads/2019/04/Handleiding-BAT-engels-versie1.2.pdf.
Schneider, B., & Barbera, K. M. (Eds.). (2014). The Oxford handbook of organizational climate and culture. Oxford University Press.
Weiss, H. M., & Cropanzano, R. (1996). Affective events theory: a theoretical discussion of the structure, causes and consequences of affective experiences at work. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior: an annual series of analytical essays and critical reviews (Vol. 18, pp. 1–74). Elsevier Science/JAI Press.
World Health Organization (2022). ICD-11: International classification of diseases (11th revision). WHO.
Yammarino, F. J., & Dansereau, F. (2011). Multi-level issues in evolutionary theory, organization science, and leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 22, 1042– 1057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.09.002.
Yukl, G. (2012). Effective leadership behavior: What we know and what questions need more attention. Academy of Management Perspectives, 26, 66–85. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2012.0088.
