Well-being at work and its association with work-home interactions: a study of young Vietnamese employees

Authors

  • Bui Thi Hong Thai Vietnam National University
  • Nguyen Thi Nhu Trang Vietnam National University
  • Tran Thi Minh Duc Vietnam National University

Keywords:

workplace well-being, positive work-home interaction, positive home-work interactions, young employees, Vietnam

Abstract

Background

Studying well-being at work and how it is related to employees’ work-home interactions has been of great concern to both researchers and policy-makers in recent years. The aim of this study is to investigate the status of well-being at work of young Vietnamese employees working in Hanoi city and how dimensions of their work-home interaction contribute to their well-being at work.

Participants and procedure

A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on 675 Vietnamese employees whose age was under 35 years. Demo and Paschoal’s well-being at work scale and the Survey Work-Home Interaction – Nijmegen (SWING) scale were applied to measure employees’ well-being at work and work-home interactions respectively. The control variables include employees’ sex, marital status, working tenure, work position, mentoring, and type of organization.

Results

This study documented differences in the status of wellbeing at work between groups by gender, work position, mentoring, whereas no difference was found between groups in age, marital status, working tenure or types of organization. Regression results demonstrated that altogether positive work-home, negative work-home, positive home-work interactions and work position can explain quite well the variance of employees’ well-being at work, and the predictive power of positive interaction for wellbeing at work was significantly stronger than that of work position and negative work-home interaction.

Conclusions

Our results suggested that to promote employees’ wellbeing at work, organizations should invest in boosting the positive interactions between work and home life of employees. Work position, gender issue and mentoring are also meaningful determinants of well-being at work.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Achour, M., Binti Abdul Khalil, S., Binti Ahmad, B., Mohd Nor, M. R., & Zulkifli Bin Mohd Yusoff, M. Y. (2017). Management and supervisory support as a moderator of work-family demands and women’s well-being: a case study of Muslim female academicians in Malaysia. Humanomics, 33, 335– 356. https://doi.org/10.1108/H-02-2017-0024.

Aguiar, M., & Hurst, E. (2007). Measuring trends in leisure: The allocation of time over five decades. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 122, 969–1006. https://doi.org/10.1162/qjec.122.3.969.

Appau, S., Churchill, S. A., & Farrell, L. (2019). Social integration and subjective wellbeing. Applied Economics, 51, 1748–1761. https://doi.org/10.1080/000 36846.2018.1528340.

Babic, A., Stinglhamber, F., Bertrand, F., & Hansez, I. (2017). Work-home interface and well-being: a cross-lagged analysis. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 16, 46–55. https://doi.org/10.1027/1866- 5888/a000172.

Banihani, M., & Syed, J. (2020). Gendered work engagement: Qualitative insights from Jordan. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 31, 611–637. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2017.1355838.

Bedeian, A. G., Ferris, G. R., & Kacmar, K. M. (1992). Age, tenure, and job satisfaction: a tale of two perspectives. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 40, 33–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(92)90045-2.

Bond, F. W., & Donaldso-Feilder, E. J. (2004). The relative importance of psychological acceptance and emotional intelligence to workplace well-being. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 32, 187– 203. https://doi.org/10.1080/08069880410001692210.

Brief, A., & Aldag, R. (1975). Employee reactions to job characteristics: a constructive replication. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60, 182–186. https://doi. org/10.1037/h0076548.

Burke, R. (2002). Work stress and women’s health: Occupational status effects. Journal of Business Ethics, 37, 91–102. https://doi.org/10.1023/A: 1014734302972.

Cooper-Thomas, H. D., Paterson, N. L., Stadler, M. J., & Saks, A. M. (2014). The relative importance of proactive behaviors and outcomes for predicting newcomer learning, well-being, and work engagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84, 318–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.02.007.

Creed, P., Fallon, T., & Hood, M. (2009). The relationship between career adaptability, person and situation variables, and career concerns in young adults. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74, 219–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2008.12.004.

Delle Fave, A., Brdar, I., Freire, T., Vella-Brodrick, D., & Wissing, M. (2011). The eudaimonic and hedonic components of happiness: Qualitative and quantitative findings. Social Indicators Research, 100, 185–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9632-5.

Demo, G., & Paschoal, T. (2016). Well-Being at Work Scale: Exploratory and confirmatory validation in the USA. Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto), 26, 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-43272663201605.

Di Fabio, A. (2017). Positive healthy organizations: Promoting well-being, meaningfulness, and sustainability in organizations. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1938. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01938.

Diener, E., Suh, E., Lucas, R., & Smith, H. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 276–302. https://doi. org/10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276.

Dikkers, J. S. E., Geurts, S. A. E., Dulk, L. D., Peper, B., Taris, T. W., & Kompier, M. A. J. (2007). Dimensions of work-home culture and their relations with the use of work-home arrangements and work-home interaction. Work & Stress, 21, 155–172. https:// doi.org/10.1080/02678370701442190.

Fenwick, A. (2011). The first three years: Experiences of early career teachers. Teachers and Teaching, 17, 325– 343. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2011.554707.

Garima, M., & Kiran, U. V. (2014). Impact of marital status on mental health of working women. Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research, 2, 2594–2605.

Garrosa-Hernández, E., Carmona-Cobo, I., Ladstätter, F., Blanco, L. M., & Cooper-Thomas, H. D. (2013). The relationships between family-work interaction, job-related exhaustion, detachment, and meaning in life: a day-level study of emotional well-being. Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones, 29, 169–177. https://doi. org/10.5093/tr2013a23.

Garvey, B., & Garrett-Harris, R. (2008). The benefits of mentoring: a literature review. The East of England Development Agency. Gervais, R. L., Buffet, M. A., Liddle, M., & Eeckelaert, L. (2013). Well-being at work: Creating a supportive work environment. European Agency for Safety and Health at Work.

Geurts, S. A. E., Taris, T. W., Kompier, M. A. J., Dikkers, J. S. E., Van Hooff, M. L. M., & Kinnunen, U. M. (2005). Work-home interaction from a work psychological perspective: Development and validation of a new questionnaire, the SWING. Work & Stress, 19, 319–339. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370500410208.

Greenhaus, J. H., & Kossek, E. E. (2014). The contemporary career: a work-home perspective. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1, 361–388. https://doi.org/10.1146/ annurev-orgpsych-031413-091324.

Grzywacz, J. G., & Marks, N. F. (2000). Reconceptualizing the work-family interface: an ecological perspective on the correlates of positive and negative spillover between work and family. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, 111–126. https://doi. org/10.1037//1076-8998.5.1.111.

Guest, D. (2002). Perspectives on the study of worklife balance. Social Science Information, 41, 255–279. https://doi.org/10.1177/0539018402041002005.

Haddon, J. (2018). The impact of employees’ well-being on performance in the workplace. Strategic HR Review, 17, 72–75. https://doi.org/10.1108/SHR-01- 2018-0009.

Hansen, J. R., & Høst, V. (2012). Understanding the relationships between decentralized organizational decision structure, job context, and job satisfaction – a survey of Danish public managers. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 32, 288–308. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X12449023.

Harrison, J. K., Lawson, T., & Wortley, A. (2005). Mentoring the beginning teacher: Developing professional autonomy through critical reflection on practice. Reflective Practice, 6, 419–441. https://doi. org/10.1080/14623940500220277.

Henry, G. T., Bastian, K. C., & Fortner, C. K. (2011). Stayers and leavers: Early-career teacher effectiveness and attrition. Educational Researcher, 40, 271– 280. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X11419042.

Hobson, A., & Maxwell, B. (2016). Supporting and inhibiting the well-being of early career secondary school teachers: Extending self-determination theory. British Educational Research Journal, 43, 168–191. https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.3261.

Hsu, H. C. (2018). Age differences in work stress, exhaustion, well-being, and related factors from an ecological perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16, 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16010050.

Jonge, J., Bosma, H., Peter, R., & Siegrist, J. (2000). Job strain, effort-reward imbalance and employee well-being: a large-scale cross-sectional study. Social Science & Medicine, 50, 1317–1327. https://doi. org/10.1016/S0277-9536(99)00388-3.

Jonge, J., Dormann, C., Janssen, P. P. M., Dollard, M. F., Landeweerd, J. A., & Nijhuis, F. J. N. (2001). Testing reciprocal relationships between job characteristics and psychological well-being: a cross-lagged structural equation model. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 74, 29–46. https:// doi.org/10.1348/096317901167217.

Judge, T. A., Ilies, R., & Scott, B. A. (2006). Work-family conflict and emotions: Effects at work and at home. Personnel Psychology, 59, 779–814. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2006.00054.x.

Kawada, T., & Otsuka, T. (2011). Relationship between job stress, occupational position and job satisfaction using a brief job stress questionnaire (BJSQ). Work, 40, 393–399. https://doi.org/10.3233/ wor-2011-1251.

Keyes, C. L., Shmotkin, D., & Ryff, C. D. (2002). Optimizing well-being: The empirical encounter of two traditions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 1007–1022. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.1007.

Kim, S. (2005). Gender differences in the job satisfaction of public employees: a study of Seoul Metropolitan Government, Korea. Sex Roles, 52, 667–681. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-005-3734-6.

Kossek, E. E., Baltes, B. B., & Matthews, R. A. (2011). How work-family research can finally have an impact in organizations. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 4, 352–369. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1754-9434.2011.01353.x.

Kutsyuruba, B., Godden, L., & Bosica, J. (2019). The impact of mentoring on the Canadian early career teachers’ well-being. International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching in Education, 8, 285–309. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMCE-02-2019-0035.

Laba, K., & Geldenhuys, M. (2018). Positive interaction between work and home, and psychological availability on women’s work engagement: a ‘shortitudinal’ study. South African Journal of Industrial Psychology, 44, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip. v44i0.1538.

Le, T. T. B. T. (2015). Intellectual women and family. In T. V. T. Nguyen (Ed.), Intellectual women with national development (pp. 296–316). National University Press.

Lerato, M., & Oladele, O. I. (2011). Job tenure as correlate of job satisfaction among North-West University Mafikeng campus employees. Journal of Social Sciences, 29, 63–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2011.11892956.

Lundberg, U., & Schaufeli, W. (2006). “Same same” but different? Can work engagement be discriminated from job involvement and organizational commitment? European Psychologist, 11, 119–127. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040.11.2.119.

Miao, Y., Li, L., & Bian, Y. (2017). Gender differences in job quality and job satisfaction among doctors in rural western China. BMC Health Services Research, 17, 848. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017- 2786-y.

Middleton, N., Gunnell, D., Whitley, E., Dorling, D., & Frankel, S. (2001). Secular trends in antidepressant prescribing in the UK, 1975-1998. Journal of Public Health, 23, 262–267. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/23.4.262.

Nguyen, V. L. (2012). Subjective factors affecting the teaching motivation of university lecturers. Psychology Journal, 4, 76–88.

Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (2006). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). Lightning Source. Oldfield, G. R., & Mostert, K. (2011). Work-home interaction of employees in the mining industry. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 12, 81–99. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajems. v12i1.262.

Page, K. M., & Vella-Brodrick, D. A. (2009). The “what”, “why” and “how” of employee well-being: a new model. Social Indicators Research, 90, 441–458. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-008-9270-3.

Park, J. D., & Gursoy, D. (2012). Generation effects on work engagement among U.S. hotel employees. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31, 1195–1202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2012.02.007.

Park, R., & Searcy, D. (2012). Job autonomy as a predictor of mental well-being: The moderating role of quality-competitive environment. Journal of Business and Psychology, 27, 305–316. https://doi. org/10.1007/s10869-011-9244-3.

Parker, S. K., Chmiel, N., & Wall, T. D. (1997). Work characteristics and employee well-being within a context of strategic downsizing. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 2, 289–303. https://doi. org/10.1037/1076-8998.2.4.289.

Paschoal, T., & Tamayo, A. (2008). Construção e validação da escala de bem-estar no trabalho (Construction and validation of the work well-being scale). Avaliação Psicológica, 71, 11–22. https://doi.org/10.1590/S141565552012000200006.

Paschoal, T., Torres, C., & Porto, J. (2010). Felicidade no trabalho: Relações com suporte organizacional e suporte social (Happiness at work: Relations with organizational support and social support). Revista de Administração Contemporânea, 14, 1054–1072. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-65552010000700005.

Praveen, P. J. (2018). Comparison of job satisfaction among managerial and non-managerial employees: a mathematical approach. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 120, 1231–1255.

Ravenswood, K. (2017). Editorial: Gender & wellbeing at work. New Zealand Journal of Employment Relations, 42, 1–6.

Rivera-Torres, P., Araque-Padilla, R. A., & MonteroSimó, M. J. (2013). Job stress across gender: The importance of emotional and intellectual demands and social support in women. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 10, 375–389. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10010375.

Rost, I., & Mostert, K. (2007). The interaction between work and home of employees in the earthmoving equipment industry: Measurement and prevalence. South African Journal of Industrial Psychology, 33, 54–61. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v33i2.377.

Rothbard, N. (2001). Enriching or depleting? The dynamics of engagement in work and family roles. Administrative Science Quarterly, 46, 655–684. https://doi.org/10.2307/3094827.

Rothmann, S., & Baumann, C. (2014). Employee engagement: The effects of work-home/home-work interaction and psychological conditions. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 17, 515–530. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajems. v17i4.419.

Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological wellbeing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069–1081. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022- 3514.57.6.1069.

Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 719–727. https:// doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.69.4.719.

Schaufeli, W. B., Taris, T. W., & Van Rhenen, W. (2008). Workaholism, burnout, and work engagement: Three of a kind or three different kinds of employee well-being? Applied Psychology, 57, 173–203. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00285.x.

Sok, J., Blomme, R., & Tromp, D. (2014). Positive and negative spillover from work to home: The role of organizational culture and supportive arrangements. British Journal of Management, 25, 456–472. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12058.

Stalcup, L. D., & Pearson, T. A. (2001). A model of the causes of management turnover in hotels. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 25, 17–30. https://doi.org/10.1177/109634800102500103.

Taris, T. W., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2015). Individual wellbeing and performance at work: a conceptual and theoretical overview. In M. van Veldhoven & R. Peccei (Eds.), Well-being and performance at work: The role of context (pp. 15–34). Psychology Press.

Tomlinson, M. (2012). Graduate employability: a review of conceptual and empirical themes. Higher Education Policy, 25, 407–431. https://doi.org/10. 1057/hep.2011.26.

Tran, T. T. T., Nguyen, N. B., Luong, M. A., Bui, T. H. A., Phan, T. D., Tran, V. O., Ngo, T. H., Minas, H., & Nguyen, T. Q. (2019). Stress, anxiety and depression in clinical nurses in Vietnam: a crosssectional survey and cluster analysis. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 13, 3. https://doi. org/10.1186/s13033-018-0257-4.

Tran, X. B., Hoang, V. M., & Nguyen, D. H. (2013). Factors associated with job satisfaction among commune health workers: Implications for human resource policies. Global Health Action, 6, 18619. https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v6i0.18619.

Van Aarde, A., & Mostert, K. (2008). Work-home interaction of working females: What is the role of job and home characteristics? South African Journal of Industrial Psychology, 34, 1–10. https://doi. org/10.4102/sajip.v34i3.383.

Van de Vijver, F., & Hambleton, R. (1996). Translating tests: Some practical guidelines. European Psychologist, 1, 89–99. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016- 9040.1.2.89.

van Dierendonck, D., Haynes, C., Borrill, C., & Stride, C. (2004). Leadership behavior and subordinate wellbeing. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 9, 165–175. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.9.2.165.

Verweij, H., van Hooff, M. L. M., van der Heijden, F., Prins, J. T., Lagro-Janssen, A. L. M., van Ravesteijn, H., & Speckens, A. E. M. (2017). The relationship between work and home characteristics and work engagement in medical residents. Perspectives on Medical Education, 6, 227–236. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s40037-017-0364-y.

Warr, P. B. (1987). Work, unemployment, and mental health. Oxford University Press. Wilks, D., & Neto, F. (2013). Workplace well-being, gender and age: Examining the ‘double jeopardy’ effect. Social Indicators Research, 114, 875–890. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-012-0177-7.

World Bank (2018). Vietnam’s future jobs: Leveraging mega-trends for greater prosperity. Retrieved from https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/vietnam/ publication/vietnam-future-jobs-leveraging-megatrends-for-greater-prosperity.

Downloads

Published

2021-03-15

How to Cite

Thai, B. T. H., Trang, N. T. N., & Duc, T. T. M. (2021). Well-being at work and its association with work-home interactions: a study of young Vietnamese employees. Health Psychology Report, 9(1), 18–30. Retrieved from https://czasopisma.bg.ug.edu.pl/index.php/HPR/article/view/5743

Issue

Section

Artykuły