Academic Scientific JournalsBeats-and-binding topics in the (mor)phonology of {ex-} in English and Spanish
Keywords:
B&B phonology, prefix {ex-}, stress contentrator, tonic beats, voicing as lenition, word-medial positionAbstract
This paper discusses an example of a lenitive scenario in a case study of voicing of the Latinate /ks/ cluster in the prefix {ex-} and the <x> of some other English forms. The analytical problem under discussion is part of a larger issue of /s/ voicing in English, criss-crossing with another intricate topic: English prefixation (cf. Haładewicz-Grzelak 2014a, b, c, 2015a, b). Here I concentrate on the aspect whereby the cluster /ks/ denoted graphically as <x> is voiced [gz] when stress follows, but not in productive <ex-> formations or in certain derivatives of forms with [ks]. The process is contrasted with the homophonic realizations in Castilian Spanish. The analysis pro-ceeds within the paradigm of Beats-and-Binding phonology (cf. e.g. Dziubalska-Kołaczyk 1995, 2002, 2009), which is a syllable-less model in the paradigm of Natural Phonology. I propose that the tonic beat in Prototypical Stress Timed languages contains a stress con-centrator (Σ) which can propagate onto a binding to the pre-tonic consonant, causing lenition. In the first stage of the analysis seven phonological algorithms are identified. In the subsequent stages of the study they are narrowed to only four, and in the last stage, to account for the encountered regularities, I show that what actually happens is a question of activating one and the same lenitive pro-cess. The database for the study is a corpus of the realizations of prefixes ending with a consonant + /s/ collected from various Eng-lish and Spanish pronunciation dictionaries (RP English and Castil-ian Spanish) as well as recorded realizations of two native speakers.
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