Academic Scientific JournalsDiet composition of the Morocco dentex: Dentex maroccanus Valenciennes, 1830 (Teleostei: Sparidae) in the central Turkish Aegean Sea
Keywords:
Morocco dentex, Dentex maroccanus, diet composition, Izmir Bay, Aegean SeaAbstract
This study examined the stomach contents of 230 individuals out of 439 samples obtained from commercial fishermen between January 2013 and March 2014 from a trawler using trawl bags with a full cod-end mesh size of 44 mm.
It was found that 216 samples were full and the stomach fullness index was estimated at 93.9%. The varying diet composition of the species was determined by estimating the percentage numerical composition (N%), frequency of occurrence (F%), gravimetric composition (W%) and the index of relative importance (IRI%). Diversity (Shannon index), richness (Margalef index) and similarity (Bray-Curtis index) of the catches in different seasons were calculated using the Biodiversity Professional (Version 2) software.
Three major groups were identified in the catches: Crustacea, Mollusca and Teleostei. At least 17 different prey groups were identified. With regard to the diversity of consumed prey, the winter (1.204), autumn (1.079) and spring (1.000) seasons were characterized by a medium level of diversity, summer (0.699) – by a low level of diversity. However, the richness of prey does not show seasonal differences. As indicated by the Bray-Curtis index, the highest similarity between the prey groups was observed between the autumn and winter seasons, at 81.61%.
Downloads
References
Antonucci, F., Costa, C., Aguzzi, J. & Cataudella, S. (2009). Ecomorphology of Morpho-Functional Relationships in the Family of Sparidae: A Quantitative Statistic Approach. Journal of Morphology 270: 843-855. DOI: 10.1002/jmor.10725.
Aura, C.M., Anam, R.O., Musa, S. & Kiman, E. (2013). Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor (K constant) of Dentex maroccanus, Valenciennes 1830 (Family Sparidae) at Malindi, Kenya. Western Indian Ocean J. Mar. Sci. 12(1): 79-83.
Bauchot, M.L. & Hureau, J.C. (1986). Sparidae. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.L. Bauchot, J.C. Hureau, J. Nielsen & E. Tortonese (Eds.), Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean (pp. 883-907). Paris.
Bayhan, B. & Sever, T.M. (2009). Food and feeding habits of the Atlantic Horse Mackerel, Trachurus truchurus, from the Aegean Sea. Zool. Middle East 46: 47-54. DOI: 10.1080/09397140.2009.10638327.
Bayhan, B., Sever, T.M. & Taskavak, E. (2009). Age and feeding habits of Atlantic spotted flounder Citharus linguatula (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pisces: Pleuronectiformes) from central Aegean Sea of Turkey. North-West. J. Zool. 5(2): 330-337.
Bayhan, B., Sever, T.M. & Kara, A. (2013). Diet composition of the Mediterranean horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) (Osteichthyes: Carangidae), from the Aegean Sea. Belg. J. Zool. 143(1): 15-22.
Bond, C.E. (1996). Biology of fishes. 2nd edition, Saunders College Pub., 576 pp.
Ceyhan, T., Akyol, O. & Erdem, M. (2009). Length-weight relationships of fishes from Gökova Bay, Turkey (Aegean Sea). Turk. J. Zool. 33: 69-72.
Chemmam-Abdelkader, B., Kraiem, M.M. & El Abed, A. (2004). Etude de l’age et de la croissance de deux especes de dentes (Dentex dentex et Dentex maroccanus) des cotes Tunisiennes. Bull. Inst. Natn. Scien. Tech. Mer de Salammbô. 31: 43-51.
Daskalov, G.M. (2002). Overfishing drives a trophic cascade in the Black Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 225: 53-63. DOI: 10.3354/meps225053.
Daskalov, G.M., Grishin, A.N., Rodionov, S. & Mihneva, V. (2007). Trophic cascades triggered by overfishing reveal possible mechanisms of ecosystem regime shifts. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104(25): 10518-10523. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0701100104.
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (2014). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. Available at: http://www.fishbase.org.(accessed on 15 April 2015).
Gül, G., Ișmen, A. & Arslan, M. (2014). Age, Growth, and Reproduction of Dentex maroccanus (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Sparidae) in the Saros Bay (North Aegean Sea). Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 44(4): 295-300. DOI: 10.3750/aip2014.44.4.03.
Horn, M.H. & Ferry-Graham, L.A. (2006). Feeding Mechanisms and Trophic Interactions. In L.G. Allen, D.J. Pondella II & M.H. Horn (Eds.), The Ecology of Marine Fishes: California and Adjacent Waters (pp. 660). Los Angeles, California, DOI: 10.1525/california/9780520246539.003.0014.
Hyslop, E.J. (1980). Stomach content analysis: a review of methods and their applications. J. Fish Biol. 17(4): 411-429. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1980.tb02775.x.
Ismen, A., Özen, O., Altinagaç, U., Özekinci, U. & Ayaz, A. (2007). Weight-length relationships of 63 fish species in Saros Bay, Turkey. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 23(6): 707-708. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.00872.x.
Karakulak, F.S., Erk, H. & Bilgin, B. (2006). Length-weight relationships for 47 coastal fish species from the northern Aegean Sea, Turkey. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22(4): 274-278. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00736.x.
Lamrini, A. & Bouymajjane, A. (2002). Biologie de Dentex maroccanus (Valenciennes, 1830) dans la région de Safi. Actes Inst. Agron. Vet (Maroc). 22(1): 11-18.
Maravelias, C.D., Tsitsika, E.V. & Papaconstantinou, C. (2007). Evidence of Morocco dentex (Dentex maroccanus) distribution in the NE Mediterranean and relationships with environmental factors determined by Generalized Additive Modelling. Fisheries Oceanography, 16(3): 294-302. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2007.00421.x.
Mennes, F. (1985). Multispecies assessment of fish stocks off the Western Sahara region with emphasis on the family Sparidae. Fishbyte 3(3): 5-10.
Mohdeb, R. & Kara, M.H. (2013). Dimorphisme sexuel et croissance de dente´ de Maroc Dentex maroccanus (Valenciennes, 1830) des coˆtes d’El Kala en Est Alge´rien. Rapport de la Commission Internationale pour l’Exploration Scientifique de la Me´diterrane´e 40: 453.
Nguyen, X.L. & Wojciechowski, J. (1972). Comparative biology of fish from genus Dentex (sparidae) of north-west African coast. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 2(2): 77-79.
Nikolsky, G.V. (1976). The ecology of fishes. Academic Press, London. 352 pp.
Orrell, T.M. (2000). A molecular phylogeny of the Sparidae (Perciformes: Percoidei). Dissertation, College of William and Mary, Williamsburgs, VA. Doctor of Philosophy, 291 pp.
Pinkas, L., Oliphant, S.L. & Iverson, K. (1971). Food habits of albacore, bluefin tuna and bonito in California waters. Fish. Bull. 152: 1-105.
Sever, T.M., Bayhan, B. & Taskavak, E. (2005). A Preliminary Study on the Feeding Regime of European Pilchard (Sardina pilchardus Walbaum 1792) in Izmir Bay, Turkey, Eastern Aegean Sea NAGA, WorldFish Center Quarterly 28(3-4): 41-48.
Sever, T.M.; Bayhan, B.; Bilge, G., Taskavak, E. (2009). Diet composition of Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761) (Pisces: Belonidae) in the Aegean Sea. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 25: 702-706. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01368.x.
Sever, T.M., Bayhan, B., Bilecenoglu, M. & Mavili, S. (2006). Diet composition of the juvenile chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) in the Aegean. Sea (Izmir Bay, Turkey). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22: 145-148. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00705.x.
Washington, H.G. (1984). Diversity, biotic and similarity indices, a review with special reference to aquatic ecosystems. Water Res. 18: 653-694. DOI: 10.1016/0043-1354(84)90164-7.
