Academic Scientific JournalsThe Role of Diplomacy in the Times of the Coronavirus Crisis
Keywords:
health diplomacy, science diplomacy, environmental diplomacy, economic diplomacy, COVID-19 pandemicAbstract
The author’s objective is to highlight the role of diplomacy during the COVID-19 pandemic. We discuss selected dimensions of diplomacy (health, economic…) and analyse how they have been adapted to new challenges resulting from the disease outbreak. The paper is concluded by a series of recommendations aimed at increasing the efficacy of diplomatic efforts. Despite its horrific impacts, the pandemic can be regarded as an opportunity to revitalise certain areas such as national economies, to make them more innovative and environmentally friendly. For diplomacy in the future, we expect the prevalence of digital use and a focus on health, science, and environmental diplomacy.
Downloads
References
Augustín, M., (2020), Current Forms of Depoliticization Practice in Connection with Anti-pandemic Measures in the Struggle against the New Coronavirus, in International Relations 2020: Current issues of world economy and politics. Proceedings of scientific works from the 21st International Scientific Conference, 24-35, Ekonóm, Bratislava.
Baculáková, K., (2020), The first impact of Covid-19 pandemics on culture and creative industries, in International Relations 2020: Current issues of world economy and politics. Proceedings of scientific works from the 21st International Scientific Conference, 36-42, Ekonóm, Bratislava.
Barua, S., (2020), Understanding Coronanomics: The Economic Implications of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic, in SSRN Electronic Journal.
Beyer, R. M., Manica, A., Mora, C., (2021), Shifts in global bat diversity suggest a possible role of climate change in the emergence of SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2, in Science of The Total Environment, 767, 1-5, Elsevier.
Buckley, P. J., (2020), China´s Belt and Road Initiative and the COVID-19 crisis. Viewpoint, in Journal of International Business Policy, 3, 311-314, Springer.
Colglazier, E. W., (2020), America´s Science Policy and Science Diplomacy After COVID-19, in Science & Diplomacy, 9, 2, AAAS Center for Science Diplomacy.
Čiefová, M., Szabó, J., Janubová, B., (2021), Zdravotná diplomacia a boj proti COVID-19: Skúsenosť Slovenska a Brazílie, in Sociálne vedy z perspektívy mladých vedeckých pracovníkov V., 291-306, Fakulta sociálnych vied, Univerzita sv. Cyrila a Metoda v Trnave, Trnava.
Čiefová, M., (2021), Výzvy verejnej a kultúrnej diplomacie v období koronakrízy, in Reflexie praxe na otázky verejnej politiky a ekonomiky, práva a verejnej správy Slovenska IV., 20-28, Vysoká škola Danubius, Fakulta verejnej politiky a verejnej správy, Sládkovičovo.
Čiefová, M., (2020), Slovakia social briefing: The Impact of the Pandemic on Tourism in Slovakia, in China CEE-Institute Weekly Briefing, 31, 3, 1-4, China-CEE Institute, Budapest.
Čiefová, M., Goda, N., (2019), Význam nation brandingu pre Slovensko: súčasné trendy a výzvy, in Economic, political and legal issues of international relations 2019. Volume of Scientific Papers, 91-98, Ekonóm, Bratislava.
Dodds, K. et al., (2020), The COVID-19 pandemic: territorial, political and governance dimensions of the crisis. Editorial, in Territory, Politics, Governance, 8, 3, 289-298, Taylor & Francis Online.
European Commission, (2020), Pracovné miesta a hospodárstvo počas pandémie koronavírusu, in European Commission. [online]. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/info/live-work-traveleu/health/coronavirus-response/jobs-and-economy-during-coronavirus-pandemic_sk#podpora-oivenia-cestovnho-ruchu-v-e [Accessed 14/08/2020].
European Parliament, (2020), Pomoc pre cestovný ruch počas COVID-19, in Spravodajstvo Európsky parlament. [online]. Available at: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/sk/headlines/priorities/eu-a-koronavirus/20200429STO78175/pomoc-pre-cestovny-ruch-pocascovid-19 [Accessed 14/08/2020].
Emerald Insight, (2020), COVID-19 to hinder international climate diplomacy, in Expert Briefings. [online]. Available at: https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/OXAN-DB251927/full/html [Accessed 13/08/2020].
Furmańczyk, J., Kaźmierczyk, J., (2020), Economic, psychological, and social consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic, in European Journal of Transformation Studies, 8, 36-54.
Gill, B., (2020), China’s Global Influence: Post-COVID Prospects for Soft Power, in The Washington Quarterly, 43, 2, 97-115, Taylor & Francis Online.
Golovei, V., Stoliarchuk, N., Prigoda, T., (2020), Culture, arts and media during and post the Covid-19 pandemic, in European Journal of Transformation Studies, 8, 55-81.
Harakaľová, Ľ., (2020), Recovery Plan for Europe – EU Response to the Crisis, in International Relations 2020: Current issues of world economy and politics. Proceedings of scientific works from the 21st International Scientific Conference, 239-246, Ekonóm, Bratislava.
Chattu, V. K., Chami, G., (2020), Global Health Diplomacy Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Strategic Opportunity for Improving Health, Peace, and Well-Being in the CARICOM Region – A Systematic Review, in Social Sciences, 9, 5, 88, MDPI.
Chauhan, K., (2020), COVID-19: Health Diplomacy is the way out, in Modern diplomacy. [online]. Available at: https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2020/07/14/covid-19-health-diplomacy-isthe-way-out/ [Accessed 13/08/2020].
Chlebcová, A., (2020), EU-Western Balkans Relations at the Time of the Covid-19 Pandemic, in International Relations 2020: Current issues of world economy and politics. Proceedings of scientific works from the 21st International Scientific Conference, 254-261, Ekonóm, Bratislava.
Javed, S., Chattu, V. K., (2020), Strengthening the COVID-19 pandemic response, global leadership, and international cooperation through global health diplomacy, in Health Promotion Perspectives, 10, 4, 300-305.
Katz, R. et al., (2011), Defining Health Diplomacy: Changing Demands in the Era of Globalization, in The Milbank Quarterly. A multidisciplinary journal of population health and health policy, 89, 3, 503-523, Wiley Online Library.
Kelly, L., (2020), Immediate and longer-term impacts of Covid-19 on geopolitics in East Africa. Helpdesk Report, in Knowledge, evidence and learning for development, 1-16.
Manzanedo, R. D., Manning, P., (2020), COVID-19: Lessons for the climate change emergency, in Science of the Total Environment, Elsevier.
Mattoš, B., (2015), Effects of Information and Communication Technology on Diplomacy and Foreign Policy Administration, in International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development, 6, 1, IGI Global.
Ministry of Transport and Construction of the Slovak Republic, (2021), Aktuálne informácie. [online]. Available at: https://www.mindop.sk/cestovnyruch/aktualne-informacie [Accessed 22/11/2021].
Pajtinka, E., (2007), Slovenská diplomacia a jej dimenzie v 21. Storočí, in Zborník z vedeckej konferencie Zahraničná politika a diplomacia Slovenskej republiky v kontexte európskej integrácie, 77-84, Ekonóm, Bratislava.
Pisupati, B., (2020), Science Diplomacy: COVID-19 and Beyond, in RIS Diary 3rd Special Issue on COVID-19, 10-14.
Poole, D. N. et al., (2020), Responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in complex humanitarian crises. Commentary, in International Journal for Equity in Health, 19, 41, Springer Nature.
Rak, P., (2020), Poučenie z vývoja, úloha štátu pri vyhodnotení vplyvu pandémie na pracovné právo, in Míľniky práva v stredoeurópskom priestore, 489-493, Právnická fakulta UK, Bratislava.
Sobotovičová, N., (2021), Svetu núkajú vakcínu, doma jej neveria, in SME, 29, 46, 4.
Stuchlíková, J., (2020), The Impacts of COVID-19 on the Economic and Social Sustainability of Tourism Enterprises, in International Relations 2020: Current issues of world economy and politics. Proceedings of scientific works from the 21st International Scientific Conference, 645-654, Ekonóm, Bratislava.
Su, Z. et al. (2021), COVID-19 Vaccine Donations—Vaccine Empathy or Vaccine Diplomacy? A Narrative Literature Review, in Vaccines, 9, 9, 1024.
Štefančík, R., Stradiotová, E., (2021), Obstacles and Limitations in the Use of Modern Technologies in Higher Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Slovakia, in 1st International Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning in Higher Education, 119-122.
Taghizade, S. et al., (2021), COVID-19 Pandemic as an Excellent Opportunity for Global Health Diplomacy, in Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 655021.
TASR, (2021a), Portugalsku pomáhajú s ťažkým priebehom pandémie ďalšie európske krajiny, in Hospodárske noviny. [online]. Available at: https://hnonline.sk/svet/2298418-portugalsku-pomahaju-s-tazkym-priebehom-pandemie-dalsie-europske-krajiny [Accessed 12/02/2021].
TASR, (2021b), Koronavírus online: Slovensko sa tretí deň drží na čele svetového rebríčka úmrtí, in Hospodárske noviny. [online]. Available at: https://slovensko.hnonline.sk/2300290-koronavirus-online-slovensko-sa-treti-den-drzi-na-cele-svetoveho-rebricka-umrti [Accessed 17/02/2021].
TASR, (2021c), Koronavírus: Do Nemecka už previezli dvoch pacientov s covidom, in Aktuality. [online]. Available at: https://www.aktuality.sk/clanok/871386/koronavirus-do-nemecka-uz-previezli-dvoch-pacientov-s-covidom/?fbclid=IwAR1vkHtYG34xbP59MbQ6odot9hgUqHFx66aYFqZp01qFn4YucswIRomqWRM [Accessed 08/03/2021].
Verma, R., (2020a), China´s ´mask diplomacy´ to change the COVID-19 narrative in Europe. Policy Brief, in Asia Europe Journal, 18, 205-209, Springer.
Verma, R., (2020b), China´s diplomacy and changing the COVID-19 narrative. Policy Brief, in International Journal, 75, 2, 248-258, Sage.
Worldometer, (2021), Covid-19 Coronavirus Pandemic, in Worldometer. [online]. Available at: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/?utm_campaign=homeAdvegas1?. [Accessed 23/11/2021].
World Tourism Organization, (2020), Impact assessment on the Covid-19 outbreak on international tourism. [online]. Available at: https://www.unwto.org/impact-assessment-of-the-covid-19-outbreak-on-international-tourism [Accessed 21/11/2021].
Yazdi, M., (2020), Environmental impacts of Covid-19 pandemic on the world and Iran, in Sustainable Earth Review, 1, 2, 1-12.
