Przede wszystkim dla dorosłych... Psychoanalityczna (Jungowska) wykładnia baśni Hansa Christiana Andersena

Abstrakt

Fairytale is an ancient literary genre which shows the important issues of life process. It is also an expression of man’s struggle between spiritual and material parts of life, which brings the image of the eternal conflicts, desires and aspirations of people. Fairytale seems to speak to a human language derived from ancient eras, and is the result of cultural heritage of mankind stored in human psyche.

Heroes of fairytales are most often mortal men, experiencing adventure, rolling buoys, saving others. It’s true, using the language of myth, that heroes despite their imperfections gain power, treasure, or extraordinary powers. The metaphor of life way as a process in which suffering has an equal status as happiness, well-being is intertwined with evil, and fall walks after lifting, shows the way to the Whole man.

Carl Gustav Jung, who was the creator of the concept of collective unconscious, believed that it contains elements specific to the entire humanity, independent of historical processes, either ethnic or cultural. He singled out the archetypes or primitive patterns of beliefs, ideas, patterns of living, experience, common to all men. Fairytale style reflects the complexities specific to each psyche.

Integration of internal dark forces, birth of individuality, an internal process of growth, overcoming various conflicts and obstacles in the way of individuation are spiritual experiences which every man undergoes. Fairytale brings the opportunity to discover unconscious resources, which equip the fate of every human being and that s/he which consciously uses to build its standalone “I.”

We are accustomed to see in fairytale a genre suitable only for children, which in addition to shaping imagination can overcome fears, integrate ignorance tame in terms of psychological or existential everyday experiences to build relationships with others. All of these components are elements of significant awareness of the potential in the development of small humans, but they are also important in achieving fully human adulthood. An adult is not different much from aa child in terms of awareness. S/he is also familiar with the difficulties in coping with life, escapes from everyday life, playing down the sphere of the Shadow or the use of defensive mechanisms to avoid responsibility. But what is considered a child in the way of shaping identity in the life of an adult can have important consequences in forming of self-destruction or destruction. Therefore, it becomes important to understand the motivations of human activities, especially with regard to the integration of opposites by the construction of personality, and of how this path should be carried forward if it would lead to performance. It is important to a modern man to know how to play an important role in psychic sphere of his/her life and discover secrets of the unconscious. Then it is possible to find out that a diagnosis or “treatment” of suffering will no longer need any therapist.

Fairytales of Hans Christian Andersen are among exceptional pieces. Gifted with extraordinary sensitivity, the author constructed the story of philosophy, which is characterized by great wisdom of life. You can tell that the writer with a thorough insight studied the problem of man’s place in the world, eyeing his/her dilemmas and being there. His observations were gathered in large collections, because this genre was probably the closest to him when it comes to transfer culturally established standards of ethical behaviour.