Uniwersyteckie Czasopisma NaukoweA Norwegian Viking in the World of Science: Receptions of Thor Heyerdahl and his Theory on the Settlement of Polynesia During the Period of 1937–1963
Słowa kluczowe:
Thor Heyerdahl, Historiography of science, Reception history, Polynesia, Polynesian problem, Rapa Nui (Easter Island)Abstrakt
This article examines the reception of Thor Heyerdahl’s controversial theory on the settlement of Polynesia between 1937 and 1963. While Heyerdahl achieved global fame with the Kon-Tiki expedition of 1947, his most enduring impact lay in stimulating debate about ancient transoceanic migrations. Traditionally dismissed by scholars as implausible, his hypothesis challenged prevailing linguistic and archaeological models by emphasizing environmental constraints and experimental voyages. This study traces three phases of academic responses—from cautious interest in the late 1930s and 1940s, to sharp rejection following Kon-Tiki, and gradual acceptance of Heyerdahl as a serious, if unconventional, researcher in the 1950s. By highlighting positive as well as critical reactions, the article demonstrates that Heyerdahl’s engagement with anthropology and archaeology was more nuanced than typically portrayed. His work not only influenced Pacific studies but also helped establish maritime experimental archaeology as a distinct research field.
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