Uniwersyteckie Czasopisma NaukoweOchrona wspólnego niematerialnego dziedzictwa kultury: „most nad wzburzoną wodą”?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26881/gsm.2020.18.13Słowa kluczowe:
niematerialne dziedzictwo kultury, międzynarodowe prawo kultury, ochrona, wspólne dziedzictwo kultury, transgraniczne przejawy dziedzictwa kultury, konwencja UNESCO z 2003 r.Abstrakt
Tematem artykułu jest ochrona wspólnego niematerialnego dziedzictwa ludzkości, ściślej – transgranicznych przejawów tego dziedzictwa, czyli takich, których nie sposób ująć jako „znajdujące się” na danym terytorium w rozumieniu konwencji UNESCO z 2003 r. Autorka przedstawia definicję tego dziedzictwa oraz omawia sposoby jego ochrony, następnie opisuje mechanizm konwencji UNESCO z 2003 r., ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zagadnień, które a priori lub w praktyce państw członkowskich mogą mieć znaczenie dla dziedzictwa wspólnego, wreszcie – ocenia efektywność systemu, a zwłaszcza to, czy potrzebne są zmiany. Obrazowo ujmując, jeżeli dziedzictwo niematerialne jest jak rzeka łącząca ludy i kultury, i jeżeli relacje między państwami mogą wywołać stan wzburzenia wód, to system ochrony wspólnego niematerialnego dziedzictwa mógłby zadziałać jak most przeciwdziałający traktowaniu dziedzictwa jako pretekstu do tworzenia barier.
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