Universality of the Rhodian maritime law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26881/gsp.2019.3.17Abstrakt
The article is devoted to the Rhodian maritime law (i.e. lex Rhodia de iactu [rhodian law about jettison]), which is considered to be a primary source of knowledge about the terms of jettison and other risks associated with navigation in maritime law. First, the Author presents general information concerning the issue and the impact of law in legal history. Then, he draws on the findings of sciences with regard to the roots of the sense of justice among humans and points out their correspondences with solutions adopted in Rhodian law about jettison. In conclusion, the Author advocates the need to resort to the achievements of evolutionary psychology in studies devoted to Roman law and modern legal studies as well. In his opinion, this would serve to verify and support the thesis that certain solutions developed by Roman law are universal as well as to promote the idea of returning to the unity of knowledge (consilience).
Downloads
Bibliografia
Allaire, B. (2015), Between oléron and Colbert: The evolution of french maritime law until the Seventeenth Century, [in:] m. fusaro, B. Allaire, r.j. Blakemore, T. Vanneste (eds.), law, labour and empire. comparative Perspectives on seafarers, c. 1500–1800, Lon- don, pp. 79–89.
Andrés Santos, f.j. (2019), los riesgos del mar en el Nomos Rhodion Nautikos, [in this volume].
Ascheri, m. (2013), The laws of late Medieval italy (1000–1500). Foundations for a european legal system, Leiden.
Aubert, j.-j. (2007), dealing with the Abyss: The nature and Purpose of the rhodian Se- alaw on jettison (lex Rhodia de iactu, d. 14.2) and the making of justinian’s digest, (rhodian), [in:] j.W. Cairns, P. du Plessis (eds.), Beyond dogmatics law and society in the Roman World, edinburg 2007, pp. 157–172.
Barkow, j.h., Cosmides, l., Tooby, j. (eds.) (1992), The Adapted Mind: evolutionary Psychology and the Generation of Culture, New york.
Barkow, j.h. (ed.) (2006), Missing the Revolution: darwinism for social scientists, oxford. Begun, d.r. (2016), The Real Planet of the Apes: A New story of human origins, Princeton (= Prawdziwa planeta małp. Nowa historia człowieka, trans. m. Ryszkiewicz, Warszawa 2017).
Benedict, r.d. (1909), The historical Position of the rhodian law, Yale Law Journal 18.4, pp. 223–242.
Benincasa, z. (2011), Periculi pretium. Prawne aspekty ryzyka związane z podróżami morskimi w starożytnym Rzymie (ii w. p.n.e. – ii w. n.e.), Warszawa.
Berman, h.j. (1983), law and Revolution. The Formation of the Western legal Tradition, Cambridge, mA – London (= Prawo i rewolucja. Kształtowanie się zachodniej tradycji prawnej,
trans. S. Amsterdamski, Warszawa 1995).
Blass, T. (1999), The milgram Paradigm after 35 years: Some things we now know about obedience to authority, Journal of Applied social Psychology 29.5, pp. 955–978.
Bloom, P. (2013), Just Babies: The origins of Good and evil, New york (= To tylko dzieci. Narodziny dobra i zła, trans. e. Wojtych, Sopot 2015).
Boehm, Ch. (1999), hierarchy in the Forest: The evolution of egalitarian Behavior, Cambridge, mA.
Boehm, Ch. (2010), Moral origins: The evolution of virtue, Altruism, and shame, New york. Boesch, Ch. (2012), Wild Cultures. A Comparison Between Chimpanzee and Human Cultures, Cambridge.
Böhm, m. (2019), The rolls of oléron, maritime Assizes of the Kingdom of jerusalem as a heritage of Rhodian Sea Law in Anglo-Norman World in the cases of murders, robberies, and maritime piracy, [in this volume].
Brundage, j.A. (2008), Medieval origins of the legal Profession. canonists, civilians, and courts, vol. 1, Chicago.
Budzicz, ł. (2018), ewolucjonizm w psychologii: dowody ilościowe i jakościowe, [in:] j. Po- lowczyk, h. Witczak, m. Błaszak (eds.), Podejście ewolucyjne w naukach społecznych, Warszawa, pp. 53–71.
Burgmann, l. (2009), die nomoi Stratiotikos, Georgikos und Nautikos, Zbornik Radova Vizanto- loškog instituta 49, pp. 53–64.
Buss, d.m. (ed.) (2005), The handbook of evolutionary Psychology, hoboken.
Buss, d.m. (2012), evolutionary Psychology: The New science of the Mind, Austin.
Buss, d.m. (ed.) (2015) The handbook of evolutionary Psychology, vol. 1–2, hoboken. Caldwell, C.h. (2015), Piracy: late empire, [in:] y. le Bohec [et al.] (eds.), The Encyclopedia
of the Roman Army, Chichester, vol. 3, pp. 753–754. Carroll,j.,mcAdams,d.P.,Wilsone.o.(eds.)(2016),darwin’sBridge:Unitingthehumanities and Sciences, oxford.
Chevreau, e. (2005), la lex Rhodia de iactu: un exemple de la réception d’une institution étrangère dans le droit romain, Rhd 73.1–2, pp. 67–80 = lex rhodia de iactu: пример
рецепции иноземного института в римском праве, ius Antiquum 31 (2015), pp. 152–168. Chiner Gimeno, j.j., Galiana Chacón, j.P., del «Consolat de mar» al «libro llamado Consu- lado de mar»: aproximación histórica, [in:] iidem (eds.), Libro llamado Consulado de mar (valencia, 1539), Valencia, pp. 7–42.
Cornah, r. (2004), The road to Vancouver – the development of the york-Antwerp rules, Journal of International Maritime Law 10, pp. 150–166.
Craig roberts, S. (ed.) (2011), Applied evolutionary Psychology, oxford.
Dajczak, W. (1997), l’uso della locuzione “bona fides” nei giuristi romani classici per la valutazione del valore vincolante degli accordi contrattuali, RidA 44, pp. 71–84.
Dajczak, W. (1998), Zwrot ‘bona fides’ w rozstrzygnięciach dotyczących kontraktów u prawników rzymskich okresu klasycznego, Toruń.
Dajczak, W. (1999), erklärungen römischer juristen zur funktion der Wendung ex fide bona in Klageformeln, RidA 46, pp. 219–242.
Dajczak, W. (2013), Błędy poznawcze a tęsknota za użytecznością nauki prawa rzymskiego, Forum Prawnicze 17, pp. 9–20.
Dajczak, W. (2018), Współczesne wyzwania prawa rzymskiego, [in:] idem, T. Giaro, f. longschamps de Bérier, Prawo rzymskie. U podstaw prawa prywatnego, Warszawa 2018,
pp. 603–613.
de Souza, Ph. (1999), Piracy in the Graeco-Roman World, Cambridge.
Dondorp, h., Schrage, e.j.h. (2007), The Sources of medieval learned law, [in:] j.W. Cairns,
P.j. du Plessis (eds.), The creation of the ius commune. From casus to Regula, edinburgh, pp. 7–56.
Drinkwater, j.f. (2015), Bandits: late empire, [in:] y. le Bohec [et al.] (eds.), The Encyclopedia of the Roman Army, Chichester, vol. 1, pp. 77–78.
Đukić, z. (2016), Some legal Questions Concerning loans and legal disputes in the roman and medieval Commercial Navigation, Pomorski Zbornik 52, pp. 183–200.
Dunbar, r.I.m., Barret, l. (eds.) (2007), oxford handbook of evolutionary Psychology, oxford. ferrándiz, e.m. (2017), Will the Circle Be Unbroken? Continuity and Change of the lex
rhodia’s jettison Principles in roman and medieval mediterranean rulings, Al Masaq 29.1, pp. 41–59.
Flume, j. (2014), law and Commerce – The evolution of Codified Business law in europe, comparative legal history 2.1, pp. 45–83.
Frankot, e. (2007), medieval maritime law from oléron to Wisby: jurisdictions in the law of the sea, [in:] j. Pan-montojo, f. Pedersen (eds.), Communities in European History. Representations, Jurisdictions, conflicts, Pisa, pp. 151–172.
Frankot, e. (2012), ‘of laws of ships and shipmen’ Medieval Maritime law and its Practice in Urban Northern europe, edinburgh.
Gaca, A. (1992), Kodeks duński króla chrystiana v z roku 1683, Toruń.
Gaca, A. (2016), dawne wspólne źródła prawa morskiego stosowane w europie, Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej szkoły Administracji i Biznesu im. e. Kwiatkowskiego w Gdyni 23,
pp. 17–35.
Gomes, S.m. (2014), A origem e o desenvolvimento histórico do instituto da limitação de responsabilidade do transportador marítimo, Revista eletrônica direito e Política 9.1,
https://siaiap32.univali.br/seer/index.php/rdp/article/view/5744.
Gormley, W.P. (1961), The development of the rhodian-roman maritime law to 1681, With Special emphasis on the Problem of Collision, Inter-American Law Review 3, pp. 317–345. Graham, j., haidt, j., Koleva, S., motyl, m., Iyer, r., Wojcik, S.P., ditto, P.h. (2012), moral Foundations Theory. The Pragmatic validity of moral Pluralism, Advances in experimental social Psychology 47, pp. 55–130.
Gruenewald, P. (2004), Bandits in the Roman Empire. Myth and Reality, [trans.] j. drinkwater, London–New york.
Haidt, j. (2012), The Righteous Mind. Why Good People Are divided by Politics and Religion, New york (= Prawy umysł. dlaczego dobrych ludzi dzieli religia i polityka? trans. A. Nowak, Sopot 2014).
Hames, r. (2015), Kin selection, [in:] d.m. Buss (ed.), The Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology, vol. 1, Foundations, hoboken, pp. 505–523.
Hamilton, d.W. (1964), The genetic evolution of social behavior, Part. I and II, Journal of Theoretical Biology 7, pp. 1–52.
Harpine, W.d. (1993), The Appeal to Tradition: Cultural evolution and Logical Soundness, informal logic 15.3, pp. 209–219.
Haselton, m.G., nettle, d., Andrews, P.W. (2005), The evolution of cognitive bias, [in:] d.m. Buss (ed.), The handbook of evolutionary Psychology, hoboken, pp. 724–746.
Haselton, m.G., nettle, d., murray, d.m. (2015), The evolution of cognitive bias, [in:] d.m. Buss (ed.), The handbook of evolutionary Psychology, vol. 2, integrations, hoboken,
pp. 968–987.
Henrich, j., mcelreath, r. (2007), dual Inheritance Theory: The evolution of human Cultural Capacities and Cultural evolution, [in:] r. dunbar, l. Barret (eds.), oxford handbook of evolutionary Psychology, pp. 555–570.
Honoré, T. (2010), Justinian’s digest. character and compilation, oxford.
Humfress, C. (2017), Natural law and casuistic Reasoning in Roman Jurisprudence, Lecture at Institute of Intellectual history. University of St. Andrews, 11th April 2017, https:// www.mixcloud.com/lecturesinintellectualhistory/natural-law-and-casuistic-reasoning- in-roman-jurisprudence/ (text is available at: https://www.academia.edu/38457353/ humfress_natural_law.pdf).
Jones, o.d. (2005), evolutionary Psychology and the law, [in:] d.m. Buss (ed.), The Hand- book of evolutionary Psychology, hoboken, pp. 953–974.
Jones, o.d. (2015), evolutionary Psychology and the law, [in:] d.m. Buss (ed.), The Handbo- ok of evolutionary Psychology, vol. 2. integrations, hoboken, pp. 1180–1203.
Kaser, m. (1993), ius gentium, Köln–Weimar–Wien.
Kahnemann, d. (2012), Pułapki myślenia. o myśleniu szybkim i wolnym, [trans.] P. Szymczak, Poznań (original: Thinking Fast and slow, new york 2011).
Khalilieh, h.S. (1998), Islamic Maritime Law. An Introduction, leiden–Boston–Köln. Khalilieh, h.S. (2006), Admiralty and Maritime laws in the Mediterranean sea (ca. 800–1050):
The “Kitāb Akriyat al-sufun” vis-à-vis the “Nomos Rhodion Nautikos”, Leiden–Boston. Klimaszewska, A. (2011), code de commerce – Francuski kodeks handlowy z 1807 r., Gdańsk.
Kofanov, l.l. (2014), Nomos Rhodion Nautikos, 53-я книга Василик и проблема содержания античного lex Rhodia (Nomos Rhodion Nautikos, i Basilici, il libro 53 e il problema del
contenuto della lex rhodia antica), ius Antiquum 30, pp. 133–154.
Kotkas, T. (2014), Royal Police ordinances in early Modern sweden. The emergence of voluntaristic Understanding of law, Leiden.
Krebs, d.l. (2005), The evolution of morality, [in:] d.m. Buss, (ed.), The Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology, hoboken, pp. 747–771.
Krebs, d.l. (2008), The evolution of justice, [in:] j. duntley, T.K. Shackelford, Evolutionary Forensic Psychology. darwinian Foundations of crime and law, oxford, pp. 229–245.
Kruit, j. (2015), General average – general principle plus varying practical application equals uniformity?, The Journal of International Maritime Law 21, pp. 190–202.
Kruit, j. (2017), General Average, legal Basis and Applicable law the overrated significance of the York-Antwerp Rules, Zuthpen.
Kurzban, r., deScioli, P. (2015), morality, [in:] d.m. Buss, (ed.), The Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology, vol. 2, integrations, hoboken, pp. 770–787.
Lange, h. (1997), Römisches Recht im Mittelalter, vol. 1, die Glossatoren, münchen.
Libera, K. (1957), Konsulat morski: według wydania barcelońskiego z r. 1494, Warszawa. lovato, A. (2013), Giustiniano e la consummatio nostrorum digestorum, MEFRA 125.2,
[available at: http://mefra.revues.org/1842?lang=en].
Mac Sweeney, n. [et al.] (2019), Claiming the classical: The Graeco-roman world in contemporary political discourse, council of University classical departments Bulletin 48,
https://cucd.blogs.sas.ac.uk/bulletin/.
Maciejewski, T. (2000), Gdańskie źródła średniowiecznego prawa morskiego, studia z dziejów Państwa i Prawa Polskiego 5, pp. 61–69.
Marzec, ł. (2004), Kilka uwag o sądownictwie Admiralicji w Anglii, Zeszyty Prawnicze [UKSW] 4.1, pp. 75–89.
Matysik, S. (1958), Prawo morskie Gdańska. studium historycznoprawne, Warszawa.
Matysik, S. (1960), Wspólne źródła prawa morskiego stosowanego na Bałtyku w przeszłości, Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne 12.1, pp. 165–200.
Mendes, n., Steinbeis, n. (2018), Preschool children and chimpanzees incur costs to watch punishment of antisocial others, Nature Human Behaviour 2, pp. 45–51.
Młynarczyk, j. (2012), ze studiów nad historią polskiego prawa morskiego, Zeszyty Na- ukowe Wyższej szkoły Administracji i Biznesu im. e. Kwiatkowskiego w Gdyni 19, Prawo 3,
pp. 13–26.
Morley, n. (2009), Antiquity and Modernity, Chichester.
Muller, m.n., Wrangham, r.W., Pilbeam, d.r. (2017), Chimpanzees and Human Evolution, Cambridge, mA – London.
Mueller, W.P. (1990), The recovery of justinian’s digest, Bulletin of Medieval Canon Law 20, pp. 1–29.
Nawrot, J. (2019), The maritime Safety model According to regulation by the Ancient law, [in this volume].
Nowak, m.A., Tarnita, C.e., Wilson, e.o. (2010), The evolution of eusociality, Nature 466, pp. 1057–1062.
o’Connor, T., franklin, Ch. (2019), free Will, [in:] e.n. zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2019 edition), https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/freewill/.
Paine, l. (2015), The Sea and Civilization. A Maritime History of the World, New york. Pennington, K. (2007), The “Big Bang”. roman law in the early Twelth-Century, Rivista internazionale di diritto comune 18, pp. 43–70.
Pinker, S. (2002), The Blank slate. The Modern denial of human Nature, New york (= Tabularasa. spory o naturę ludzką, trans. A. nowak, Gdańsk 2005).
Pinker, S. (2015), The false Allure of Group Selection, [in:] d.m. Buss (ed.), The Handbook of evolutionary Psychology, vol. 2, integrations, hoboken, pp. 867–880.
Płodzień, S. (1961), lex Rhodia de iactu. studium historyczno-prawne z zakresu rzymskiego prawa handlowo-morskiego, lublin (reed. lublin 2011).
Purpura, G. (2013), Alle origini delle consuetudini marittime mediterranee. symbola, sylaie lex Rhodia, [in:] A. lavato (ed.), Atti convegno “ordinamenta Maris” Trani, 30/31 maggio
2013, Trani, pp. 1–20.
Von Rohr, A. (2001), evolutionsbiologische Grundlagen des Rechts. Zum einfluss neurogenetischer information auf das Recht. ein Beitrag zur Rechtsethologie unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des vertrauens im Recht, Berlin.
Sánchez-moreno ellar, C. (2013), lex rhodia, [in:] r.S. Bagnall [et al.] (eds.), The Encyclopedia of Ancient History, malden, mA, pp. 3970–3972.
Schiavone, A. (2012), The Invention of Law in the West, [trans.] j. Carden, A. Shugaar, Cambridge, mA – London.
Shusterman, r. (2006), Thinking Through the Body, educating for the humanities: A Plea for Somaesthetics, Journal of Aesthetic Education 40, pp. 1–21.
Söğüt, S.İ. (2017), A Synoptic overview of the ‘lex rhodia de Iactu’, Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi hukuk Araştırmaları dergisi 23.3, pp. 209–234.
Sirks, B. (1991), Food for Rome: the legal structure of the Transportation and Processing of supplies for the imperial distributions in Rome and constantinople, Amsterdam.
Slingerland, e.G., Collard, m. (eds.) (2012), creating consilience. integrating the sciences and the Humanities, New york.
Trivers, L.R. (1971), The evolution of Reciprocal Altruism, The Quarterly Review of Biology 46.1, pp. 35–57.
Twiss, T. (1871), The Black Book of the Admiralty, vol. 1, London.
van Vugt, m., Tybur, j.m., The evolutionary foundations of hierarchy: Status, dominance, Prestige, and leadership, [in:] d.m. Buss (ed.), The handbook of evolutionary Psychology,
vol. 2, integrations, hoboken, pp. 788–809.
Wagner, h. (1997), die ‘lex rhodia de iactu’, RidA 44, pp. 357–380.
Warlomont, R. (1955), Les sources néerlandaises de l’ordonnance maritime de Colbert (1681), Revue belge de Philologie et d’histoire 33.2, pp. 333–344.
Wiewiorowski, j. (2015), The Judiciary of dioecesan vicars in the later Roman empire, Poznań. Wiewiorowski, j. (2018), Paremie prawnicze w zwierciadle ewolucji, [in:] j. Polowczyk,
H. Witczak, M. Błaszak (eds.), Podejście ewolucyjne w naukach społecznych, Warszawa, pp. 121–151.
Wilson, e.o. (1975), sociobiology: The New syntesis, Cambridge mA (= socjobiologia, trans. m. Siemiński, Poznań 2001).
Wilson, e.o. (1998), consilience. The Unity of Knowledge, New york (= Konsiliencja. Jedność wiedzy, trans. j. mikos, Poznań 2002).
Zalewski, B. (2016), Creative interpretation of lex Rhodia de iactu in the legal doctrine of ius commune, Krytyka Prawa 8.2, pp. 173–191.
Zalewski, B. (2019), od rzymskiego prawa morskiego do polskiego prawa zobowiązań. Kilka uwag na temat historycznej genezy art. 438 k.c., [in this volume].
Załuski, W. (2009), ewolucyjna filozofia prawa, Warszawa (= evolutionary Theory and legal Philosophy, Cheltenham 2009).
Zimmermann, R. (1996), The law of obligations. Roman Foundations of the civilian Tradition, oxford.
Zimmermann, r. (2015), roman law in the modern World, [in:] d. johnson (ed.), The Cam- bridge companion to Roman law, Cambridge, pp. 452–480.