Ideological Foundation of the Contemporary Anti-Gender Movements in Poland. Most Recent History in the Context of Strategies and Arguments

Abstrakt

This article presents a critical examination of the ideological underpinnings and societal impacts of contemporary anti-gender movements in Poland, utilizing a qualitative research approach supported by critical discourse analysis (CDA). This methodological framework allows for an in-depth exploration of the narratives, strategies, and implications of these movements within the broader socio-political landscape of Poland. Central to the discourse of these movements is the construction of phantom threats against perceived dangers like “gender ideology”, feminism, and “LGBT ideology”. These constructs are analysed as tools for reinforcing conservative-Catholic sentiments and providing political leverage to far-right groups. The article delves into the historical context, tracing the evolution of discourse on gender and LGBTQ+3 rights in Poland as well as its interplay with political decisions and events. The study further examines the strategies employed by these movements, including their use of populist rhetoric, emotional manipulation, and the creation of a dichotomous worldview. A significant focus is placed on the role of the Catholic Church in Poland in shaping and propagating these ideologies, particularly in relation to family, morality, and national identity. Moreover, the article assesses the broader implications of these movements for Polish society and beyond, highlighting their transformative impact on social norms, public policy, and the discourse on gender rights and societal values. This qualitative and discursive analysis contributes significantly to the understanding of gender politics in Poland, offering insights into the global dynamics of anti-gender movements.