Academic Scientific JournalsTHE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS ON THE LEVEL AND STRUCTURE OF TRANSPORT EXPENDITURE IN POLISH HOUSEHOLDS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26881/wg.2024.2.01Keywords:
transportation, expenditures, households, Covid-19Abstract
Objective. Researching household transport expenditure is crucial due to its impact on daily life, affecting mobility, job access, education, and social activities. Rising fuel prices and environmental pollution make transport expenditure a significant household budget aspect. Moreover, socio-economic changes may influence how households allocate transport funds. The main research issue is analyzing transport expenditure trends and patterns, understanding differences among demographic and social groups. The aim is to depict changes in transport expenditure levels and shares in Polish households from 2000 to 2022, with a focus on the Covid-19 pandemic period and variations in expenditure structure based on selected household characteristics.
Method. Trend analysis and non-parametric methods were utilized.
Results. From 2000 to 2022, there was an increase in transport expenditure levels despite a decrease in their share of disposable income in Polish households. The COVID-19 pandemic led to expenditure decline in 2020, followed by a later increase, possibly due to fuel price hikes. Differences in expenditure exist depending on household demographic and social characteristics. Higher education of the household representative correlates with higher transport expenditure. Conversely, the largest and single-person households spend the least on transport. Public transport and educational programs could improve the situation.
Downloads
References
Abdullah, M., Dias, C., Muley, D., & Shahin, M. (2020). Exploring the impacts of COVID-19 on travel behavior and mode preferences. Transportation research interdisciplinary per-spectives, 8, 100255.
Aczel A.D. (2000). Statystyka w zarządzaniu, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
Baker, S. R., Farrokhnia, R. A., Meyer, S., Pagel, M., & Yannelis, C. (2020). How does hou-sehold spending respond to an epidemic? Consumption during the 2020 COVID-19 pan-demic. The Review of Asset Pricing Studies, 10(4), 834-862.
Balicki A., Makać W. (2007). Metody wnioskowania statystycznego, Wydawnictwo Uniwer-sytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk.
Bauer, L., Broady, K., Edelberg, W., & O’Donnell, J. (2020). Ten facts about COVID-19 and the US economy. Brookings institution, 17. https://www.hamiltonproject.org/assets/files/FutureShutdowns_Facts_LO_Final.pdf (11.04.2024).
Bouali, S., Douha, S., & Khadri, N. (2020). To what extent is air freight affected by the Coro-na virus pandemic? Journal of sustainable development of transport and logistics, 5(2), 98–108.
Braut, B., Migheli, M., & Truant, E. (2022). Household mobility in food purchasing during COVID-19 lockdown: Evidence from Torino, Italy. Cities, 122, 103554.
Budżety Gospodarstw Domowych (2001,...2021). Główny Urząd Statystyczny, Warszawa.
Chen H., Qian W., Wen Q. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on consumption: Learning from high frequency transaction data. Working Paper, Xiamen University.
Coruh, E., Urak, F., Bilgic, A., & Yen, S. T. (2022). The role of household demographic fac-tors in shaping transportation spending in Turkey. Environment, Development and Susta-inability, 24(3), 3485-3517.
Currie, G., & Senbergs, Z. (2007). Exploring forced car ownership in metropolitan Melbour-ne. Australasian Transport Research Forum.
Đogaš, Z., Lušić Kalcina, L., Pavlinac Dodig, I., Demirović, S., Madirazza, K., Valić, M., & Pecotić, R. (2020). The effect of COVID-19 lockdown on lifestyle and mood in Croatian general population: a cross-sectional study. Croatian medical journal, 61(4), 309-318.
Euro 95 Polska (2024). Bankier.pl Pozyskano z: https://www.bankier.pl/gospodarka/wskazniki-makroekonomiczne/eu-95-pol (10.04.2024)
Farrell, D., Greig, F., Cox, N., Ganong, P., & Noel, P. (2020). The initial household spending response to COVID-19: Evidence from credit card transactions. Research paper, JPMor-gan Chase Institute, New York. https://www. jpmorganchase. com/institute/research/household-income-spending/initial-househol d-spending-response-to-covid-19-evidence-from-credit-card-transactions (3.04.2024).
Francuz, P., & Mackiewicz, R. (2005). Liczby nie wiedzą, skąd pochodzą: przewodnik po metodologii i statystyce: nie tylko dla psychologów. Wydawnictwo KUL.
Kauppila, J. (2011). Ten stylised facts about household spending on transport. Transportation Research Board, Issue Number 1/2011.
Laskowski, W., & Piekut, M. (2018). Konsumpcja w wiejskich gospodarstwach domowych rodziców samotnie wychowujących dzieci. Polityka Społeczna, (3), 21-28.
Li, T., Dodson, J., & Sipe, N. (2015). Differentiating metropolitan transport disadvantage by mode: Household expenditure on private vehicle fuel and public transport fares in Bris-bane, Australia. Journal of transport geography, 49, 16-25.
Limtanakool, N., Dijst, M., & Schwanen, T. (2006). On the participation in medium-and long-distance travel: A decomposition analysis for the UK and the Netherlands. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografe, 97(4), 389–404.
Mattingly, K., & Morrissey, J. (2014). Housing and transport expenditure: Socio-spatial indi-cators of affordability in Auckland. Cities, 38, 69-83.
Moslem, S., Campisi, T., Szmelter-Jarosz, A., Duleba, S., Nahiduzzaman, K. M., & Tesoriere, G. (2020). Best–worst method for modelling mobility choice after COVID-19: evidence from Italy. Sustainability, 12(17), 6824.
Olej napędowy (2024). Bankier.pl Pozyskano z: https://www.bankier.pl/gospodarka/wskazniki-makroekonomiczne/on-pol (10.04.2024)
Piekut M. (2019). Jednoosobowe gospodarstwa domowe. Uwarunkowania konsumpcji, ten-dencje zmian. Wydawnictwo CeDeWu, Warszawa.
Piekut M., Piekut K. (2022), Sposoby ogrzewania mieszkań w różnych typach polskich go-spodarstw domowych [w:] Stępniak-Kucharska A., Kapela M. (red.), Współczesne pro-blemy gospodarcze – Zrównoważony rozwój, Kolegium Nauk Ekonomicznych i Społecz-nych, Politechnika Warszawska, Płock.
Sudan, T., & Taggar, R. (2021). Recovering supply chain disruptions in post-COVID-19 pan-demic through transport intelligence and logistics systems: India’s experiences and poli-cy options. Frontiers in future transportation, 2, 660116. DOI:10.3389/ffutr.2021.660116
Środowisko Europy (2007), Czwarty Raport Oceny, Belgrad, https://www.eea.europa.eu/pl/ publications/state_of_environment_report_2007_2 (12.12.2023).
Tirachini, A., & Cats, O. (2020). COVID-19 and public transportation: Current assessment, prospects, and research needs. Journal of public transportation, 22(1), 1-21.
Van Acker, V., & Witlox, F. (2010). Car ownership as a mediating variable in car travel be-haviour research using a structural equation modelling approach to identify its dual rela-tionship. Journal of Transport Geograph, 18(1), 65–74.
Werpachowski W. (2011). Podstawy zarządzania w przedsiębiorstwie, Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Warszawskiej, Warszawa.
Wołoszyn, A., Głowicka-Wołoszyn, R., Świtek, S., & Grzanka, M. (2019). Wielowymiarowa subiektywna ocena materialnych warunków życia i dobrostanu w gospodarstwach do-mowych rolników w Polsce. Fragmenta Agronomica, 36(4), 15-26.
Zaman, M. (2023). Evaluation of household expenditure in the united states: pre-covid and post-covid statistical analysis. International journal of research in industrial engineer-ing, 12(4), 388-396.
ZPP (2021). Podsumowanie lockdown-u w Polsce. Związek Przedsiębiorców i Pracodawców, Warszawa.
